Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 42. Supernumber: 152 answers to questions 20/10/2021
The way we see ourselves in the mirror, and the way other people see us, are they the same thing? Could it be that in the mirror a woman is so-so, but in the eyes of others a beauty?
The expert’s answer is 0 + –
“The reflection that a person sees in a mirror is inevitably distorted in the brain,” explains physiologist, who headed the Institute of the Human Brain of the Russian Academy of Sciences for many years, Svyatoslav Medvedev. It’s about individual perception, which depends on the inner state of a person. The brain and eyes of all people perceive the image differently: with different clarity, in different color spectrum, and so on. In addition, we perceive everything through the prism of personal experience. Therefore, what we really are and how we see ourselves are often very dissimilar images.
People see themselves in the mirror not the way they really look, also because of the laws of physics: even the most ideal modern mirrors, alas, are unable to accurately reflect reality.
Scientist, entrepreneur and billionaire from the Forbes list Valentin Gapontsev has died at the age of 83, Forbes magazine reports.
According to the publication, the death occurred on November 22. This information was also confirmed by the businessman’s son Denis Gapontsev.
The cause of death has not yet been reported.It is only known that in recent years Gapontsev has been struggling with cancer.
Valentin Gapontsev is a co-owner of IPG Photonics and one of the pioneers in the field of laser physics and technology, fiber and optoelectronic technologies. His company’s products are used in the automotive and aviation industries, nuclear and solar energy and many other areas.
The businessman’s fortune totals $2.8 billion.
Earlier it was reported that Gennady Gorbunov, a former senator from the Astrakhan region, died at the age of 75.
It also became known that TV presenter Dmitry Kaznin died at the age of 47. In 2015, he was diagnosed with cancer, after which he was treated in Germany.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 42. Supernumber: 152 answers to questions 20/10/2021
Why do candles in the temple sell for a fixed price? Logically, it should be at the discretion of people or for free. The temple is a place for faith, not for trade.
The expert’s answer is 0 + –
— Somewhere candles are really sold at a fixed price, and somewhere, for example, in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, the amount remains at the discretion of pilgrims, you can take them for free, — explains religious scholar Roman Silantyev. The purchase of candles in the temple is a kind of donation. The money goes to the maintenance of the temple: heating, electricity, etc., because no funds are allocated from the state budget for this.
If there is no way to light a candle, it’s okay. Confession and communion are important for the salvation of the soul, and believers can always get them for free.
The Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation in Moscow has issued an emergency warning about a significant increase in wind on October 23.
The report notes that in the coming hours in the capital, gusts of south-westerly wind can reach 13-18 per second. The unfavorable weather will continue until 18.00.
The department warned that in such conditions it is dangerous to hide under trees and be near billboards, it is better to hide from the weather in capital buildings. Rescuers also recommend not to leave children unattended and park cars away from weakly fortified structures.
The day before, a hurricane-force wind in Moscow tore down scaffolding and a prong from the Kremlin wall on Red Square. As a result of the incident, no one was injured.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 42. Supernumber: 152 answers to questions 20/10/2021
Why is a person looking for other civilizations if the planet Earth cannot exist with its own kind?
The expert’s answer is 0 + –
— More Bernard Shaw He said: “You learned to fly like birds in the air, you learned to swim like fish in the sea, and now your task is to learn to live like people on earth.” So the reader has correctly grasped the essence of things, — agrees Hero of Russia, space tester Sergey Nefedov. I am sure that if humanity does not improve spiritually, the universe will stop revealing its secrets. Meanwhile, according to astrophysicists, the Earth may become uninhabitable at some point. And a person will face the question: will he be able to preserve his genotype in the Galaxy? People will start looking for other “points” in space, where we may continue to exist. Or we won’t continue if we don’t find the right way. I myself believe that the spiritual will overcome the material, that wars will disappear and people will direct all their energy to new discoveries. Such an optimist.
64-year-old ex-owner of Cherkizovsky market in Moscow Telman Ismailov was released from the Montenegrin prison in Podgorica, where he had been since the beginning of October this year. The decision on his release was made by The judge of the Supreme Court of Podgorica, Vladimir Novvovich, writes the Montenegrin portal Vijesti.
“In relation to the accused citizen of the Russian Federation and Israel, Telman Ismailov, the decision on detention in an extra-traditional detention facility, adopted by a judge of the Supreme Court in Podgorica, is canceled. The accused Telman Ismailov is immediately released to freedom, the court decision says.
Why was Ismailov arrested in Montenegro?
Ismailov was detained in Montenegro on October 1, 2021 on the basis of a warrant issued by the Russian side.On October 2, 2021, Ismailov was sent to an extra-traditional isolation unit in Podgorica.
The former owner of the Cherkizovsky market was arrested in absentia by the Russian law enforcement agencies and put on the international wanted list back in 2017. The investigation believes that the businessman is involved in the organization of the murders of two people, illegal arms trafficking and the abduction of singer Avraham Russo.
The interest in Telman Ismailov was not shown only by the Russian justice. In April 2019, a criminal case was opened in Switzerland on the fact of three economic crimes (fraud with credit rates).
When will Ismailov be extradited to Russia?
The Prosecutor General’s Office of Russia sent a request to Montenegro about the extradition of Ismailov on October 7, 2021 to bring the entrepreneur to criminal responsibility, TASS writes.
However, Montenegro will not extradite Ismailov to Russia, the businessman’s lawyers said. While still in custody in the Montenegrin prison, Ismailov asked for political asylum. According to Ismailov, he was subjected to political and economic persecution on the territory of Russia. The businessman did not admit guilt on the charges brought against him by the IC of the Russian Federation.
On October 22, 2021, the decision to grant Ismailov political asylum in Montenegro was made by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the country.
The investigating judge of the Supreme Court in Podgorica, Vladimir Novovich, on the basis of a document of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Montenegro, decided to immediately release the Russian entrepreneur from the extra-traditional detention center.
“It is established from the case materials that the Ministry of Internal Affairs issued a decision on granting asylum to the accused on the previous application for international protection and which establishes the right of the accused to reside in Montenegro. From the explanation of the above-mentioned decision, it is obvious that the accused received international protection due to the existence of persecution in a country that requires his extradition because of his political beliefs,” the court’s ruling says, quoted by the Vijesti portal.
Thus, Ismailov’s lawyers say, the former owner of the Cherkizovsky market cannot be extradited to Russia in connection with obtaining political asylum in Montenegro. Now he is at liberty. According to media reports, in Montenegro, Ismailov has a mansion with security.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 42. Supernumber: 152 answers to questions 20/10/2021
Recently, the discussion has become more and more acute: what kind of assessment do those who led the USSR in the most difficult years deserve – from the 1930s to the 1950s. And has anyone tried to unbiasedly analyze why the same Beria brought more harm or benefit to the country?
This attempt was made by the writer Alexander Lapin. According to him, in the process of working on the book “Sex and the Bomb of Lavrenty Beria”, he studied hundreds of documents and memoirs, plunged deeper into the topic than many historians. But was he able to find an answer to the question of what a person really was, whose name alone terrified many? A word to Alexander Lapin.
Are there any documents?
Mastering this array of information for four years, what I just haven’t heard enough. Liberal historians and publicists Beria they hate it. Any arguments are used. Up to the tale that a personal prison was equipped right in the house of the People’s Commissar. And there, in the basement of the Moscow mansion, which is now occupied by the Tunisian Embassy, he tortured his enemies. Despite the fact that his family lived in the same building. And a variety of guests came there, including the “father of the American atomic bomb” Robert Oppenheimer. On the other hand, there is literature about what a great manager he was, who did not make mistakes, like the book “12 victories of Lavrenty Beria”.
Therefore, it was important for me to delve into the documents, into the testimonies of real people. Moreover, in Soviet times, Beria was not only honored as a marshal, but also tried. There is a case that is being investigated by his enemies, led by Khrushchev. They found everything they could and used it for propaganda purposes. There is a documentary basis. And you can understand what is really confirmed and what is not. Studying the interrogation protocols and the indictment, I wondered: would Beria be convicted now? And would they have been sentenced to such a terrible punishment – execution? I’m not ready to say. Purely legally it is difficult. Because his crimes have not been proven by anything. No confrontations or special evidence. There are only testimonies of associates or opponents.
What is he charged with?
Firstly, he participated in repressions. He showed himself to be a cruel executioner. But let’s look at that time. I have already written that it was a period of savagery. The people who came to power did not honor either God or the devil. At the head of the corner for them was naked expediency. And Beria personally did not initiate repressions. They are dictated by the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). Legalized. It was his job to implement them. Otherwise, I would have fallen under them myself. Khrushchev, Stalin, Molotov, Malenkov — everyone signed the documents, carried out the planned policy. In fairness, we must admit that Beria did not miss the opportunity to deal with his enemies. And it really can be blamed on him.
Secondly, he allegedly participated in the torture himself. Perhaps. Again, there were sanctions from the Central Committee of the CPSU (b). The decisions were made at the highest level. When in 1938 Beria became the People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs, on the contrary, he ordered the torture to be abolished. But then Stalin again issued an explanation that allowed him to torture the enemies of the people and seek recognition. But only the most persistent.
The rehabilitation of prisoners and the review of cases are also connected with the arrival of Beria. As a result — 300 thousand released.
The third charge is espionage. Allegedly, he worked for Musavatist intelligence. If Beria really was an enemy spy, he could have done such a thing! But instead he created our own intelligence service after Yezhov destroyed it . And she was able to provide our country with a serious position during the Second World War. And the main achievement of the subordinates of Lavrenty Pavlovich – they stole the secret of the atomic bomb.
What is the most popular accusation?
Of course, women! Beria, in the view of the current layman, was a real sexual maniac. But I am ready to argue with this, having studied the documents. Yes, young mistress Valentina Drozdova after his arrest, she claimed that he raped her. But she obviously did it under pressure. In fact, she lived in an elite dacha with the daughter of Lavrenty Pavlovich. (Then, by the way, the girl married the party boss and became part of the nomenclature.) Of course, Valya is not the only one. Beria was young (he became a people’s commissar at the age of 39) and influential. Like Bokiy, Yezhov, Enukidze, Abakumov, who were generally reputed to be terry libertines, — morals in that era reigned the most unbridled. Some generals with their numerous front-line wives were not distinguished by high morale either. Is it any different now?
Let’s continue the list of “atrocities”? Then the fifth charge: there are suspicions that Beria killed Stalin. Hints are floating in the criminal case, although it is not directly stated. Could he have done it? Yes. Every politician has his own time lag. Joseph Vissarionovich was great when he fought against the Trotskyists, led the industrialization and defense of the country. But then I lost my sense of time. I wanted to return Russia to the 1930s. I thought that people had dissolved and it was necessary to subdue everyone again. Initiated the Leningrad case, the doctors’ case. He began to plant marshals again. He even sent to jail the head of his own security, who served him for 25 years.
The people, the country, the situation outside of it have changed, but the outdated ideas of the leader have not. So whether Beria killed him or not, Stalin died in time. Otherwise, he could bring the world to an atomic war. I have already quarreled with the Yugoslav Marshal Tito, «sparked » relations with a number of other countries. Therefore, the elimination of Comrade. Stalin — the trend of the times.
Was it an evil thing? I doubt. There are many examples when overstayed leaders led their states to collapse. And Beria’s participation has not been proven. He just came to the leader’s dacha when he had just suffered a stroke, and sternly told his entourage: they say, don’t you see? Comrade Stalin is asleep. Do not interfere! And they didn’t treat him for another day. And then it was too late.
What could he expect?
When Stalin died, the ruling triumvirate was formed: Beria, his friend Malenkov and Khrushchev. Apparently, Lavrenty Pavlovich wanted to put Malenkov in the foreground and remain a gray cardinal. But Nikita Sergeyevich unexpectedly won in this underhanded struggle. And 100 days later Beria was arrested.
News about the arrest of Beria, accused of crimes against the people. Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org
But even during this time, he did a lot: he organized an amnesty again, began taking measures to change the economy. There were also plans for a compromise with the West. In a word, not a Soviet person. An effective manager. Who does not care what task to perform: even to cut the heads of the enemies of the people, even to build a great country. Moreover, he was an architect by education. Clearly had the talent and desire to do it. Personally designed his houses. Supervised the construction of famous high-rises in Moscow, rebuilt Tbilisi.
By the way, Georgians should put up a monument to him in general. In fact, being the governor of Transcaucasia, he ordered them to plant vineyards, tangerines, break tea plantations, and laid the foundation for future prosperity.
How did our nuclear shield appear?
But still the main merit of Beria is the creation of the atomic bomb. Beria raised the question of the beginning of the nuclear program back in 1938, when he discovered documents concerning German expeditions to Tibet. According to one version, ancient instructions for the development of a variety of weapons were found there. But the German secret organization “Ahnenerbe” got ahead of us and raked everything out. This is not the fault of Beria, but of his predecessors, who were mired in clan games and missed the opportunity to get an atomicthe bomb before. The new People’s commissar had to correct the situation. And began this work in the late 1930s. Then there was the war. But already in 1942, he reported to Stalin: the Germans and our allies are coming to get the most terrible means of mass destruction. Soviet intelligence officers soon managed to steal their secrets. And then it was the turn of scientists, engineers and a lot of other people. The creation of the nuclear industry required as much money as the USSR spent on the war with Germany.
Already after his debunking Kurchatov clearly said: “Without Beria, we would not have a bomb.” And against the background of this achievement, all accusations fade.
The word “suseki” is known to us mainly from the folk tale about Kolobok. My grandfather wanted to eat, he said to my grandmother: “Bake a bun.” And she answers him: «Where will I take flour?» On this is her husband and suggested «on susekam to scratch ».
What is suseki?
According to the Explanatory Dictionary Vladimir Dahl, susek (suseka) is a fenced-off chest in a barn or granary used for storing grain bread. The Ryazan people, according to the author of the dictionary, called susek a vat or a tub for storing grain, usually made of a linden stump.
According to the Explanatory Dictionary Sergey Ozhegov, susek — this is the same as a bin (a fenced-off place in a barn for filling grain or flour).
Meanwhile Mikhail Karaulov, ataman of the Terek Cossack army, the author of several books on the history of the Terek Cossacks, wrote that susek is a breadbox, a small barn without bins, filled with grain bread entirely. He outlined this version in the book “The Dialect of the Grebensky Cossacks”. According to Karaulov, susek has neither windows nor doors, the grain is filled in through a small tightly closed hole in the ceiling. Such a room serves for storing “spare” bread, but not “common”.
Suseki barn. Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org/Insider
Where did the word “suseki” come from?
Dahl believed that the word “susek” was of Eastern origin, and a similar word “susek” was used in Ryazan.
In the Etymological Dictionary Max Fasmer It is said that “susek” has Ryazan, Siberian and Old Russian origin. At the same time, there is an indication of the Polish word “są-siek” with a similar meaning.
What does «scrape on susekam»?
Thus, the expression “to scrape on the husks” in the literal sense means to collect the remains of flour. Now it is more often used in a figurative meaning: to search carefully, to pick up the last thing left.
Warships of the Russian Navy and the Chinese Navy conducted joint patrols in the western Pacific Ocean for the first time. This was reported by the Ministry of Defense.
It is reported that the maneuvers were conducted in the period from October 17 to October 23. 10 ships of Russia and China took part in them. On the part of the Russian Navy, large anti-submarine ships “Admiral Tributs” and “Admiral Panteleev”,”corvettes”Hero of the Russian Federation Aldar Tsydenzhapov”, “Loud”, as well as the ship of the measuring complex “Marshal Krylov” were launched. All of them are part of the Pacific Fleet.
The Chinese Navy presented the destroyers “Kun Ming” and “Nan Chang”, the corvettes “Bin Zhou”, “Liu Zhou” and the integrated supply ship “Dun Ping Hu”.
The patrols were conducted to demonstrate the flags of Russia and China, to maintain peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. The ships were also involved in the protection of objects of maritime economic activity of the two states. During the maneuvers, a group of ships passed through the Sangar Strait for the first time, and its sailors practiced tactical maneuvering and conducted other training.
It is specified that during the patrol the ships passed more than 1,700 nautical miles.
Earlier, the Japanese authorities announced surveillance of Russian and Chinese warships that took part in naval exercises “Maritime Interaction”.According to Deputy Secretary General of the Government of Japan Yoshihiko Isozaki, military vessels were spotted in the Tsugaru Strait area. From there they headed for the waters of the Pacific Ocean.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 42. Supernumber: 152 answers to questions 20/10/2021
What edible mushrooms grow before the cold weather? What can be collected in the forest now?
Natalia Devochkina, Chief Researcher of the Vegetable Growing Research Institute, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, answers :
– In October, you can still find black bunches in mixed-type forests near Moscow. They are dark greenish in color, a small leg is hollow. They often grow in groups. They are best suited for salting.
Beloved by many chanterelles grow until late frosts. They are easy to distinguish, because they are painted in a unique bright yellow and even orange color, and their cap is funnel-shaped, with a small depression in the middle.
Photo: AIF/Alexander Filippov.
Redheads continue to appear in pine and spruce forests. Oyster oyster mushrooms grow in large families on dead tree trunks, but honey mushrooms are not averse to settling on old stumps.
Throughout October, green mushrooms grow in the forests – delicious mushrooms with pale yellow flesh, with green skin and a dark middle. The leg is low, solid, yellow, almost always covered with sand. The greenie’s hat is convex, there are waves along the edge. A curious fact: after cooking, the green color of the mushroom is preserved.
