By the end of January in Moscow, the height of snowdrifts will reach half a meter at a rate of 30 centimeters. This was announced by the leading specialist of the weather center “Phobos” Evgeny Tishkovets, “Novye Izvestia” reports with reference to the media.
By the end of January, another 7-12 millimeters of precipitation will fall in the capital. At the same time, Moscow has already received 14% more than the long-term norm of precipitation. The height of the snow cover exceeds the normal values by one and a half times, the forecaster said.
Now the height of the snowdrifts is 46 centimeters at the VDNKh weather station, 48 centimeters at Balchug, Tishkovets added.
Earlier it was reported that 16 flights were canceled at Krasnodar airport due to snowfall. A high-alert mode has been introduced in most areas of the region.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 03. Either a bus, or a vision. When will the modernization of public transport reach cities and towns? 19/01/2022
Every day it is a problem to raise a child to school. Why can’t I start studying later?
The expert’s answer is 0 + –
Pediatricians from the University of Zurich also believe that a later start of school lessons at 10 a.m. at 11 a.m. can improve students’ well-being and life satisfaction. They found out that during the pandemic, students went to bed 15 minutes later, and woke up 90 minutes later, respectively, and got a great night’s sleep. “Similar studies have previously been conducted in the USA,” says somnologist, MD, Professor Roman Buzunov. – There in different states, children start studying at 8, and even at 7 in the morning. So it turned out that if you move the start of lessons to 9 a.m. at 10 a.m., then the children were doing better. But after 2–3 weeks of life according to the new schedule, the children began to go to bed even later and did not get enough sleep again. Therefore, it is more important to observe the regime and a healthy lifestyle. It is advisable to take gadgets from children 2 hours before bedtime. Teenagers should exclude strong tea, coffee, tonics and energy drinks in the afternoon. On weekends, it is recommended to sleep a maximum of 1–2 hours longer than on weekdays.
Additional 11.5 thousand doses of the vaccine «Satellite Light» were sent to the Pskov region.The Ministry of Health of Russia organized an urgent delivery after this drug ran out in the region.
According to the press service of the department, residents of the region will be able to use the vaccine from Monday, January 24.
Earlier, the governor of the Pskov Region, Mikhail Vedernikov, announced that the region had run out of the Sputnik Lite vaccine.According to him, this happened after 45 thousand doses of the vaccine were spoiled due to a breakdown of the refrigeration unit.
The internal audit on this fact is coming to an end, the head of the region promised to publish its results.
The Southern Federal University has developed a platform capable of improving the quality of education with the help of artificial intelligence, and in many universities artificial intelligence has become the subject of active study.
Thanks to the national project “Science and Universities”, not only research and development in the field of artificial intelligence is actively conducted in the country, but also its introduction into the educational process is taking place.
In the Year of Science and Technology, Southern Federal University (SFU) received funding to create a neurotechnological platform to improve the quality of education. The complex created using neurotechnologies has a number of applied tasks that will improve the quality of education and determine the level of their motivation and competencies. «Smart» algorithm will be able to includethe assistant’s functionality for drawing up optimal educational trajectories of students with the help of machine learning technology will make it possible to analyze the individual characteristics, interests and abilities of both students and university staff. According to the developers, with the help of such programs, it is possible to achieve a qualitatively new level of university education.
The prospect of creating software capable of comparing a variety of variables in real time, reflecting the workload, desires and psychological characteristics of students and university staff, will make it possible to build individual educational trajectories without the need to increase the staff.Without the use of the latest technologies, such work would require a huge number of employees and enormous costs. It is already safe to say that technologies previously used exclusively in the corporate sphere and closed research can be used in areas that are useful for society and people.
SFU became one of the participants of the strategic university development program “Priority 2030”. The program is included in the implementation of the national project “Science and Universities” and involves the multidisciplinary development of universities.Two new laboratories have been opened at the SFU to study the features of our brain, which will bring us closer to new, more effective developments in the field of neural networks and artificial intelligence.
Ilya Bezprozvanny, a world-renowned scientist and expert in the field of neuroscience, became the head of the synapsis biology laboratory. He is one of the world’s strongest specialists in the field of combating neuroscience, who has worked in the world’s leading research centers for more than 20 years. The work of the laboratory of “Synapse Biology” will be aimed at studying the organization of neural networks of the brain. Revealing the secrets of the functioning of synapses and neurons will allowto improve the methods of diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, neuropathic pain, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy and many other brain diseases. Joint projects with the laboratory of “Molecular Neurodegeneration” of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University will be launched soon. The synthesis of the experience accumulated in St. Petersburg with the opportunities that open up with the new laboratory in Rostov-on-Don will further increase the level of research.
Scientists in the neuroimaging laboratory will be engaged in understanding the mysteries of the brain. With the help of the latest technologies, research will be conducted in the field of clarifying the fine organization of the human and animal brains. With the help of neuroimaging methods, scientists will come closer to understanding the mechanisms of the brain and the nature of consciousness.
Dmitry Shaposhnikov, a young scientist, candidate of Technical Sciences and head of the neuroimaging laboratory, is confident that solving fundamental problems in the field of neuroimaging will significantly advance the creation of nature-like artificial intelligence and technical vision systems. To date, brain simulations of fruit flies and other creatures of the microcosm have already been created in the world, the brain structures of small mammals, perfectly familiar to many scientists, laboratory mice, are being actively studied and mapped.Improving human cognitive functions, expanding the sphere of his consciousness by mastering fundamentally new communication channels, overcoming evolutionary limitations on the speed and volume of perceived and analyzed information, direct integration of neural networks of the brain with information networks and systems, technical devices based on neurointerface technologies are just some of those areas of research and development that will be actively conducted within the new laboratory.
In 2021, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education developed and implemented in Russian universities an educational module “Artificial Intelligence systems” for all specialties.
These works became possible thanks to the national project “Science and Universities”. Methodological recommendations for the introduction of disciplines on the study of artificial intelligence will expand the knowledge of all specialists in various industries in the field of new technologies, allowing them to solve more complex applied and research tasks. For example, graduates who have completed this course will be able to master the methods of setting tasks and processing the results of computer modeling, create mathematical and information models of the processes, phenomena and objects under study, plan the process of modeling and computational experiment, and much more.
The module can be used in the implementation of educational programs in all areas of training and specialties of all levels of higher education and additional professional programs. At the same time, the module will be supplemented with topics and sections, taking into account the level and professional orientation of a specific university program.
In the Year of Science and Technology, this module was also used to create a master’s program “Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies in Modern Politics” at the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University. With its help, students study the features of the use of artificial intelligence in international relations research and political analysis. Thanks to such knowledge, it will be possible to analyze huge amounts of significant information to improve the quality of decisions.
The program examines in detail the issues related to the political and legal regulation of artificial intelligence; the introduction of modern technologies based on artificial intelligence into the political process and much more.According to Alexander Samoilov,a student of the Master’s program at the moment, the need for such disciplines combining artificial intelligence and political science will allow us to qualitatively improve the level of trained personnel. In his opinion, a detailed study makes it clear that in the era of dynamically developing digital technologies, Russian political science must keep up with the times and modern trends, and this is due to the inclusion of artificial intelligence research in political science.
Since January 1, 2022, in Russia, in all regions, the issuance of disability certificates is carried out electronically.
Thanks to the national project “Healthcare” a single digital circuit continues to be created in hospitals and polyclinics. Computer equipment is being updated in healthcare institutions, and the possibilities of telemedicine consultations are being developed.
In 2021, 29.52 million citizens (with a planned value of 18.0 million people for 2021) used the services in the patient’s Personal Account “My Health” on the Unified Portal of Public Services and Functions.
974,968 (with a plan of 966 thousand for 2021) automated workplaces of medical workers are connected to medical information systems in the subjects of the Russian Federation.
The electronic form of the disability certificate appeared in Russia back in 2017. All this time, both paper and electronic forms of sick leave were available to citizens. Since January 2022, sick leave has been issued only in electronic form. Medical organizations issue electronic disability sheets and upload them to the information system of the Social Insurance Fund. Automatically to the citizen in the personal account on the portal«Public Services» receive notification of the opening (then closing) of the sick leave. At the same time, it is not necessary to inform the employer about temporary disability, because the information received from the medical institution to the Social Insurance Fund system reaches the place of work itself. The employer, using information from the FSS database, fills in the necessary part of the form to calculate the amount of social benefits, after which the payment is calculated.
Thus, in the Republic of Chuvashia, the republican medical information system is integrated with the information system of the Social Insurance Fund. To date, electronic sick leave is issued by almost all medical organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia. In 2021, 98% of sick leaves for residents of the republic have already been issued in electronic form.
In the Samara region in 2021, more than 800 thousand residents used the services in the patient’s Personal Account “My Health” on the Unified portal of Public Services. In addition, all residents of the region have access to a remote appointment with a doctor through a Single contact center. More than 800 thousand residents of the province also used this resource during the year. More than 4.5 million records for doctor’s appointments and emergency medical care were made in 2021 by phone registries of medical institutions. For this purpose, self-recording terminals for citizens to see a doctor were also used.
In the Tyumen region, we are fully ready to switch to electronic sick leave. This was recalled by the information center of the Government of the Tyumen region. According to the Regional Department of Health, the region gradually switched to an electronic system of registration of sick leave. For this purpose, a unified medical information system was successfully implemented. She reduced the time spent on the registration of the disability certificate. In 2021, medical organizations issued 700 thousand documents on temporary disability, of which 646 thousand were electronic. 131 clinics have licenses to issue sick leave.
In the Vologda region, the connection of paramedic and obstetric stations to the high-speed Internet continues. In 2021, it was possible to expand telecommunications capabilities for 173 FAPs in all 26 districts. In total, since the implementation of the national project, 364 medical institutions in small settlements have been connected to the Internet, which contributes to the improvement ofaccessibility and quality of medical care. FAPs are equipped with automated workstations, which are united by a single integrated information system. This significantly expands the capabilities of medical workers in the field. In the information system, an entry is made to specialists and information about the health status of patients is entered.
The creation of a single digital circuit in healthcare based on a unified state information system in the field of healthcare is one of the main directions of the national project “Healthcare”. It is aimed at improving the efficiency of the functioning of the healthcare system by creating mechanisms for interaction of medical organizations based on a unified state system in the field of healthcare and the introduction of digital technologies and platform solutions that form a single digital health contour.
Cloudy weather and ice are forecast in the Russian capital on Sunday, January 23, the official website of the Hydrometeorological Center of the Russian Federation reports.
«Light snow in places», – the message says.
During the day, the air temperature in the city will be from minus four to minus six degrees.
The wind is easterly at a speed of two to seven meters per second. Atmospheric pressure is 757 millimeters of mercury.
On Monday night, cloudy weather with clarifications and icy conditions are forecast in the capital. Mostly without precipitation. The wind is weak. The thermometer columns may drop to minus 12 degrees.
Earlier, the leading specialist of the weather center Phobos Mikhail Leus said that the monthly precipitation rate in Moscow in January had already exceeded 7%, and the height of snowdrifts reached 45 centimeters.
95 years ago, on January 23, 1927, an act of “merger of two or more economic entities” took place in Moscow, as a result of which a new economic unit appeared.
This term, referring to the processes of consolidation of business and capital, now has an ominous character — following the «merger », as a rule, begins «optimization », which does not end well. “Effective managers”, engaged in the fascinating business of cutting costs and firing qualified employees, sooner or later achieve their goal, “optimizing” the company to bankruptcy.
Let’s repeat it now. Then, in the young Soviet state, such mergers were carried out with a clear understanding of why and who needed it. Suffice it to say that on that January day, the main initiator of the merger was People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, «first Red Officer» Kliment Voroshilov. The result of his initiative was the unification of two major public organizations. The affairs of the first were supervised by the People’s Commissar himself, and this organization was called the OSO, that is, the Society for the Promotion of the Defense of the USSR. The second one was once created under the patronage of Mikhail Frunze, and it was called Aviachem, because the friends of aviation, chemical defense and chemical industry were in this organization. After the merger of these largest entities, a completely gigantic monster turned out, called the Osoaviakhim Society for the Promotion of Defense and Aviation Chemical Construction of the USSR.
Now the abbreviation is hanging out somewhere on the periphery of consciousness and memory. Most often, Osoaviakhim is associated with the appearance of a parachute tower in every Soviet park, and with loud slogans of a bygone era — «Youth, on the plane!» and « Our response to Chamberlain». In a word, something passing through the frivolous category of military sports games like “Lightning”.
In general, this corresponds to the historical truth. With the only amendment, the structure was more than serious and prepared its wards not for a war game, but for a real war. What Frunze said back in 1925: “We need to firmly introduce into the consciousness of the entire population of our Union the idea that modern wars are being waged not by one army, but by the whole country as a whole, that the war will require the exertion of all people’s forces and means, that the war will be a deadly, life-and-death war, and that therefore comprehensive thorough preparation is needed for it even in peacetime.”
The aspiration is commendable, but where can I get the funds to fulfill these grandiose plans? Even then it was clear that the future war would be a war of engines. Let’s say that with engines, that is, with tanks, airplanes, cars, tractors and other machines, the problem was solved in full accordance with the slogan of the first five-year plan: “Expanding the import of cars to get rid of the import of cars.” By the end of the first five-year plan, if the goal was not fully achieved, then the finish, in general, was clearly read – back in 1931, the cost of machine-technical imports was approximately 3,154 million rubles. And by 1934 it had decreased to 569 million rubles.
But by themselves, these “motors” are just iron. To revive it, we need people who know how to manage with “motors”. And this means that driving schools are needed, flying clubs are needed, shooting ranges are needed, shooting ranges are needed, in the end, the notorious parachute towers are needed… Where to get all this stuff if the budget is almost entirely subordinated to the tasks of industrialization?
The scheme was thought out witty. To begin with, it was announced that all these wisdoms would have to be taught on the job. Roughly speaking, at five in the morning you are in the aero club, studying theory until six, before seven, a parachute jump at seven, to the machine at eight, or wherever else you work there. And after the end of the working day, self-preparation. Yes, and do not forget to regularly pay membership fees, which will go to the treasury of Osoaviakhim and will go to the salary of instructors and the purchase of rifles-parachutes-cartridges-uniforms …
Someone will surely call the scheme, though witty, but predatory. They say, not only that they loaded the youth above the ears, they also make them pay money.
In fact, everything looked more or less fair. Thus, the first chairman of the Central Council of Osoaviakhim was none other than Alexey Rykov. The Chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR, in fact, the head of state, he took on a new social burden. By the way, also on the job. And he paid dues on an equal basis with everyone.
And most importantly, Osoaviakhim has become an incredibly effective social elevator. In fact, for not very large contributions, a young man could master a new promising profession or skill without leaving the main production. Because Osoaviakhim is not only skydiving and shooting to get the Voroshilov Shooter badge. This is piloting aircraft and aircraft technology. This is topography and communication. These are works in the field of chemistry, biology, the study of the upper atmosphere and rocket science.
Yes, the later famous Jet Propulsion Research Group, GIRD, where he began his rocket career Sergey Korolev, was established in 1931 under the Central Council of Osoaviakhim. At the same Central Council, a Stratospheric Committee was created, where, among other things, they dealt with the problems of habitable hermetic gondolas of stratostats. It was this groundwork that later became the main one for the development of the descent vehicle of the first Vostok spacecraft.
In short, Osoaviakhim was a huge, complex, branched structure. It strangely combined scientific and inventive circles and societies, where a promising young man was noticed and began to be promoted, and purely military-applied disciplines. By 1941, about 80% of the personnel of the Red Army ground forces and almost 100% of the aviation personnel had passed through the Osoaviakhim schools.
And in terms of preparing the population for a big and terrible war, Osoaviakhim did not fail. British observers who were in Moscow in the summer and autumn of 1941 noted how competently and disciplined ordinary citizens who were called up to help the air defense forces behave almost like real fighters. In London, as observers noted, this is notthere was — during the Nazi bombing there was panic and horror, at least at first.
Of course, there was no such thing in London. Because there was no “monster” Osoaviakhim that managed to create 4 million (!) circles of air defense, through which 33 million Soviet citizens passed. In total, 98 million people were trained in Osoaviakhim organizations during the war years.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 03. Either a bus, or a vision. When will the modernization of public transport reach cities and towns? 19/01/2022
“The master of espionage” in the 1970s dubbed him the German magazine “Stern”. For any scout, this is a failure. ButAnatoly Baronin even after such fame did not go into the shadow.
He was born in 1932 in Moscow. My father served in the state security agencies, and little Tolik dreamed of becoming an intelligence officer. But after school he graduated from an economic university, started working in his specialty.
The offer to go to work in the authorities came unexpectedly. The training at the intelligence school was very thorough, the most experienced diplomats shared their skills. As Baronin himself recalled, one of the courses was taught by the famous Anatoly Dobrynin, who was the USSR ambassador to the USA for two decades: “All this allowed us to work under diplomatic cover at the level with pure diplomats, and sometimes it was better.” While studying, Anatoly Viktorovich was a resident of Soviet intelligence in Ghana, Nigeria, and Liberia for many years.
Bird flu and Bush legs
The operations in which Baronin participated are still classified as “secret”. But some things were still made public. It was said that the master of espionage had obtained an Ebola strain for the USSR, when few people knew about this virus yet. But this is not quite true. Ebola hemorrhagic fever is named after a river in the Congo, in the area of which an outbreak of the disease was first recorded in 1976, killing in a matter of daysa whole village of 280 people. The events in which Anatoly Baronin participated happened 6 years earlier in Nigeria in the village of Lassa. Its inhabitants died out in a couple of days from an unknown disease similar to typhus. And the first to die were doctors from the USA, who were doing something in the Nigerian wilderness. This has given rise to suspicions that the Americans are testing bacteriological weapons on Nigerians.
Baronin recalled that the Center’s task to get a deadly strain was met with grumbling, but successfully completed. Then a Soviet mission of doctors was working in the country, and he chose a partner among them. “The two of us went to look for this village, located 1200 km from the capital. They obtained permission to examine the bodies of the deceased. The results are zero. It turned out that blood samples taken from the patient before his death were needed, the scout told. – Had to bypassa lot of public and seedy places to find at least some clues… Finally, in one of the bars, we met Aboriginal doctors who told us over a glass that they had a lot of test tubes with blood, but for some reason they were not allowed to take them for tests. I pretended not to believe it, and began to make them laugh. It came to the conclusion of a bet. After another bottle at our expense, one of them ran to the hospital and triumphantly showed a test tube with a red liquid.
It was not the Ebola virus, but his younger brother arenavirus, which later became known as Lassa fever. When the case of Ebola in the Congo attracted the attention of the whole world, doctors qualified African tropical viruses as a deadly threat to all mankind. And in the USSR, thanks to the work of Colonel Baronin, a similar virus has been studied for 6 years.
Did he believe that the outbreak of the disease in Africa was the result of the Americans testing bacteriological weapons? “Probably not,” wrote Anatoly Viktorovich.They probably didn’t want to let the genie out of the bottle. Nevertheless, then the whole village died out. Why don’t I think it was a test? After all, the Americans themselves were the first to die from this disease.and two nurses». And here outbreaks of avian flu and cow rabies in Western Europe treated differently. “We are talking about the artificial origin of these diseases… «Bush legs» must be promoted, and someone is breeding chickens there. With mad cow disease, it’s the same. Europe refused to buy American meat – mad cow disease immediately appeared ».
Nurses at the bedside with a patient infected with the Ebola virus. Republic of Zaire, 1976 Photo: wikihmong.com
4 coups and 1 war
Baronin said that his work is very similar to the film “TASS is authorized to state”. However, in reality, the events unfolded not in Africa, as in the movie, but in another place. Although in the rest everything is built on specific events with a little speculation by Yulian Semenov. The director of the film was a friend of mine who knew what I was doing. As for the rest, I had to witness four coups d’etat and one civil war.
In a frame from the film, “TASS is authorized to declare “hellip;” a prison in one of the African republics. Vakhtang Kikabidze (left) as CIA officer Gleb and Yuri Solomin (right) as Soviet resident Colonel Slavin. Photo: YouTube.com
The first time it happened was in 1966 in Ghana. Then he walked through the streets under bullets to report the real picture. During another coup, in Nigeria, a Soviet resident was almost shot by a military patrol. “Fortunately, an officer drove up, quickly figured everything out, apologized for his subordinates, saying that you can’t take them, illiterate. Finally, I still had the strength to joke that I almost got a bullet from my own, Soviet,the vending machine. They laughed, hugged, and I, all in a cold sweat, offered to give them a ride to the post, and at the same time to stop by our house for a snack. Word for word – we talked… Of course, with our hospitality it was not without a hundred grams. As a result, we managed to learn a lot of interesting and useful things. That’s just his wife was almost scared to death by an unexpected visit of the military with machine guns, Baronin recalled with a smile many years later.
The Americans tried to eliminate him twice, having caused a car accident: “There was a device that damaged the tire of the front wheel, and then on the highway, after heating up, it burst. It was only by a happy accident that everything ended well. A my friend and colleague after a similar «sabotage » in a serious condition got to hospital ».
From Liberia to Ukraine
When in 1971 a Soviet defector and a traitor Oleg Lyalin He handed over our intelligence officers to the British all over the world, and Baronin was also on the declassified list. They studied together at the language courses at the forest school, they did not know each other’s real names, but Lyalin identified the resident by the photo. That’s when the publication appeared in a German magazine. Baronin was recalled to Moscow and kept in quarantine for a year and a half, but then he left again for a business trip as a resident in Liberia. His experience and knowledge of West Africa were too unique.
In the mid-1980s, he returned to the central office in Moscow and waited for his next assignment in Turkey. But his worldwide fame played a cruel joke on him. The Turks in 1986 refused Baronin entry: they say Ankara is not an African backwater, we will not allow Soviet intelligencehere to frolic. And it was at this time that PSU branches began to be created in the Soviet republics. He was offered the choice to head the newly minted intelligence services of Estonia or Tajikistan, or to become deputy head of the service in Ukraine. The Baronins’ spouses rented a Moscow apartment and left for Kiev.
After the collapse of the USSR, Anatoly Viktorovich retired at the age of 59. «At first I thought – who to be? I went to one desk – I feel that it smells of thieves. Went to another – the same impression. I also walked around a bit – decided: no, I won’t break away from the service», – confessed laterthe scout. As a result, he took up teaching, taught future Ukrainian spies the basics of mastery. Baronin died in Kiev on July 29, 2019, and now the legendary Soviet intelligence officer is not called anything but Ukrainian there.
Weekly magazine “Arguments and Facts” No. 03. Either a bus, or a vision. When will the modernization of public transport reach cities and towns? 19/01/2022
“The crooks who stole millions during the construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome are judged very mildly. For such crimes during the construction of BAM, they were punished more harshly, the federal judge is convinced of the resignation Alla Tertyshnaya.
She is the only one of the women in the judicial community of the Amur region who has passed death sentences. He considers the abolition of the death penalty a big mistake. He says that this decision was made by those who have not seen photos of torn children’s bodies.
At the largest construction site of the USSR, they stole in especially large sizes in the Soviet sense – from 10 thousand rubles.
Photo provided by the newspaper “Amurskaya Pravda”, Valeria Khristoforova.
According to the grandfather’s testament
– How many death sentences have you passed?I am asking Alla Tertyshnaya, a retired judge of the Amur Regional Court.
– This is a blasphemous question! I didn’t count, Alla Semyonovna answers without a pause.
She paid for her first execution verdict with a heart attack. In 1983, on the Olympus of Soviet power stood Yuri Andropov, the time was tough and often uncompromising. At the stationYerofey Pavlovich with a special purpose, a person was killed.Alla Tertyshnaya was born in 1940 in a non-existent settlement for special settlers in the north of the Amur region. She worked as a librarian, methodologist, secretary of the Komsomol district committee. She was a judge for 30 years. She says that during all this time she has never been pressured “from above”.
I still remember the victim’s last nameHedgehogs. He was a very good man. At night, he accidentally met with a pres-shy, who was carrying on his shoulders a bundle of stolen things from the warehouse. The killer simply shredded him with a knife, inflicted more than 40 wounds.
The trial took place in the village club at the re-sale. «The judge has never imposed a higher penalty, so it will do this time», – the lawyer reassured the relatives of the murderer.
Having studied all the details and circumstances of the criminal case, the people’s assessors and I came to a consensus: the highest penalty, recalls Alla Semyonovna.
When she announced the verdict, the killer’s lawyer attacked her first, then a crowd of his angry relatives surrounded her. They started throwing stones. There were three women: a judge, a secretary and a prosecutor. By a miracle, they jumped into the train alive. In the carriage, Alla Semenovna had a heart attack. She was pumped out for a long time by doctors at the Skovorodino junction station.
– Today I have a full heart of stents, it’s all thanks to my work, – the judge remarks in retirement. And, after a pause, adds: «If everything could be rewound, I would make the same decision again».
She has an acute sense of social justice since her earliest childhood. The “place of birth” column contains the terrible: “special settlement”. Her young parents were exiled from Belarus to the Far East as Kulak elements. Half of the family died while still in the veal wagons of the freight train on the road to exile. No one buried the corpses. Shedding tears, they were simply dumped at the stations in the hope that someone would bury them.
We lived in a remote taiga, 100 km from the Sivaki station, under the supervision of the commandant. The scurvy was terrible, but they did not starve. My father secretly plowed a field in the taiga and risked his life to grow wheat and potatoes. Thanks to this, they survived, – recalls Alla Semyonovna.
One day her grandfather said in a way: they say, “Voroshilov not the commander…» was immediately denounced, and «the troika» condemned him to 9 years of camps. He served 8. When he came home, sick and powerless, he cried: “Okay, I’m fine, but there were such smart people sitting there. Professors and academics!”That same evening, her grandfather told her: “When you grow up, be sure to become a prosecutor and do everything so that there is as little evil and injustice in the world as possible.”
She’s grown up. She grew up to be the second secretary of the Komsomol district committee. And at 23 she entered the law faculty of the Far Eastern University.
The criminal underside of BAM
The first place of work of the young judge was the remote Selemdzhinsky district.
– My predecessor was killed. There lived many freed traitors of the Motherland and accomplices of the fascists, who, after serving their terms, were afraid to go to their native places. Therefore, the situation in the area was difficult, recalls Alla Semenovna.
She judged honestly and according to the strictness of Soviet law. They called her and growled hollowly into the phone: “It will be the same with you as with your predecessor.”
– It worked out!She answers my dumb question in monosyllables.
For 30 years, Alla Tertyshnaya worked as a judge of the Amur Regional Court. The area of her professional responsibility included the areas of construction of the Baikal-Amur Mainline. She remembers the criminal underside of that big construction site to this day.
– At first there was a lot of terry criminality – murders, robberies, rapes. Then the embezzlement began on a particularly large scale. They were judged strictly, in the Soviet Criminal Code, the responsibility for embezzlement on a particularly large scale began with 7 years of imprisonment, says Alla Tertyshnaya.
A particularly large size in the socialist sense of – from 10 thousand rubles.
– While cosmodrom «East» was built, an abyss of money was stolen. I think that the penalties for these crimes were given too soft. Incommensurable with the scale of public evil, she notes.
«What kind of bribes?! God forbid!»
Once Alla Semyonovna fought for the fate of two teenagers who were convicted for 4 years for a boy fight.
– The boys were good! Well, youth, the boys waved their hands, there were no injuries. It was painful for me to look at their parents. I advised the father of one of them to go to a personal reception at the Supreme Court of the USSR. What do you think, you requested the case in Moscow and the unfair decision was canceled, says Alla Semyonovna.
A grateful parent decided to be grateful.
– Came to my office, takes out two sticks of smoked sausage from the diplomat: «Take it, you’ve never tried such a…» I kicked him out of the office! What kind of bribes?! God forbid! I’ve always been afraid of provocations on this occasion, she waves her hand.
Today, many of us have forgotten the word “speculation”. And under the Soviet regime, it was easy to end up in prison for resale. Tertyshnaya recalls how she fought off a disabled person from captivity, a person with a severe form of tuberculosis. He dared to resell scarce vodka. Then it was sold in stores on coupons and was synonymous with hard currency.
A man was selling vodka in a public toilet in Blagoveshchensk, he lived by it. His pension was scanty. And they wanted to plant him!Alla Semyonovna sighs vexedly.
She has been in honorable retirement for 15 years, and there are still legends about her incorruptibility in the Amur region.
– This is all the moral hardening of my special settlement! I saw too much injustice as a child and still can’t stand it on the spirit. I made a lot of enemies because of this, including in the professional community. But I can’t do it any other way, – she remarks.
Alla Semyonovna still remembers the number of the car that miraculously did not hit her late in the evening when she left the courthouse. On that day, Tertyshnaya sent the son of one of the police chiefs of the Amur region to places not so remote.
– He was a real criminal. Arrogant, cynical, used to getting away with everything, she recalls.
The car then missed by only a few centimeters
In Soviet times, field court sessions were practiced. A lot of people came to them, as to the performances.
– Judged in tight «red corners ». There were no cages for criminals. The escorts were little soldier boys, to whom the accused were handcuffed. That’s it!
She cannot forget the process when from the details of the rape and murder of an 8-year-old girl, a soldier-escort fainted.
– There the brains of the child on the wall flowed – these photos still stand before my eyes. I read out the details in the verdict, and I look, and the escort went along the wall. White as death…
She fervently convinces: the death penalty must be returned!
– It was canceled by those who did not see the bodies of the torn children… Today, at least 10 people kill, the criminal will still save his life. He will be fed, treated and kept in human conditions. And he will most likely believe in God and will still write complaints with quotes from the Bible, Alla Semenovna wisely notes.
Despite the harsh profession and the burden of responsibility that she carried for decades, Judge Tertyshnaya did not lose her positive attitude and optimism. She says with a slightly restrained smile: “The happiness of life is in life itself.”
